Core Architecture

BlockX Layer 1 Architecture & Consensus Modules.

The modular design of the BlockX sovereign Layer 1 ledger, from the payment channel lifecycle to the validator spending check.

Consensus Modules

The x/x402 Micropayments Lifecycle.

An agent opens an escrow channel on-chain in one transaction. Vouchers are then exchanged off-chain. A payee presents the cumulative voucher on-chain to trigger distribution and refund any remaining balance.

STEP 1 OF 3

Open Escrow

MsgOpenChannel

The agent locks an escrow deposit in a single on-chain transaction.

STEP 2 OF 3

Off-Chain Signature Stream

EIP-712 vouchers • zero gas

Cumulative EIP-712 vouchers flow between agent and payee off-chain. No gas is spent while they stream.

STEP 3 OF 3

Consensus Settle

MsgSubmitVoucher

The payee presents the cumulative voucher on-chain. Funds are distributed and the unused escrow is refunded.

x/policy

Validator Spending Policy Check.

Smart-contract wallet checks run after serialization. The x/policy module enforces spending policies at the validator proposal boundary, so a block containing a signature that breaches limits fails verification.

PROPOSED

Proposed Block

A proposed block that contains agent payments.

VALIDATOR

ProcessProposal Check

x/policy

The validator intercepts the block and runs two checks.

Checks budget limits against the registered policy.
Verifies velocity rate limits.

OUTCOME

Consensus Commit

Only blocks that pass are committed.

within policyBlock committed

breachInvalid block rejected

SMART-CONTRACT WALLET

Checked after serialization

The limit lives inside the wallet contract and runs once the transaction has been serialized.

BLOCKX x/policy

Checked at the proposal boundary

Validators evaluate the policy during ProcessProposal, before the block is accepted.

The Developer Standard

Consensus-Native Micropayments & Developer HTTP APIs.

The x/x402 state engine runs gas-free off-chain EIP-712 payment voucher loops. A native, low-latency REST Gateway lets standard client software authorize, initiate and settle micropayments with lightweight HTTP requests.

Sub-Cent BillingZero-Gas Off-Chain VouchersHTTP REST Interfaces

HTTP micropayment call

$ POST /api/v1/x402/settle HTTP/1.1
Authorization: Bearer x402_voucher_7fc86755...
Content-Type: application/json
 
// Response: 200 OK
{
  "channelId": "chan:9191",
  "settledAmount": "0.0015",
  "status": "CONFIRMED_AT_CONSENSUS"
}

Under the hood

The stack, wired into consensus.

BlockX runs natively on CometBFT v0.38+ and ABCI 2.0 dynamic validation loops to bypass EVM overhead.

CometBFT v0.38+ABCI 2.0Cosmos SDK v0.50Cosmos EVMEIP-712ERC-8004

x/x402

Payment channels and voucher settlement with zero-gas off-chain flow.

Micropayments

x/policy

Budget limits, transaction ceilings and allowlists enforced during ProcessProposal.

Guardrails

x/agentid

Native ERC-8004 registries for Agent Discovery Cards and reputation scorecards.

Identity

Ready to build on the ledger?

Read the full whitepaper or fuel the consensus layer with BCX.

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